Kentucky Medication Aide (KMA) State Practice Exam

Which type of medication can lead to kidney stones as a side effect?

1. NSAIDs

2. Antibiotics

3. Antidepressants

4. Antihistamines

The correct answer is: NSAIDs

Certain medications can have side effects that impact the body's mechanics and contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are known to sometimes lead to changes in the renal physiology and urine chemistry, which can precipitate the formation of kidney stones. While NSAIDs are primarily used for pain relief and reducing inflammation, their effects on kidney function and urine output can alter the concentration of minerals and compounds in the urine, potentially leading to stone formation. For example, NSAIDs can affect the renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate, contributing indirectly to conditions favorable for stone development. In contrast, antibiotics, antidepressants, and antihistamines are not commonly associated with the formation of kidney stones as a side effect. Antibiotics target infections, antidepressants primarily manage mental health issues, and antihistamines treat allergic reactions, with none significantly altering the renal environment in a way that predisposes a patient to kidney stones like NSAIDs can.