Kentucky Medication Aide (KMA) State Practice Exam

What is the effect of vasodilators on blood vessels?

1. Constrict blood vessels

2. Open up and relax smooth muscle

3. Decrease blood flow

4. Increase heart rate

The correct answer is: Open up and relax smooth muscle

Vasodilators are medications that specifically work by opening up and relaxing the smooth muscle in the walls of blood vessels. This relaxation leads to an increase in the diameter of the blood vessels, a process known as vasodilation. The primary effect of this action is a reduction in blood pressure and an increase in blood flow to various parts of the body. By relaxing the smooth muscle, vasodilators facilitate better circulation, thereby improving oxygen and nutrient delivery to tissues. The action of opening blood vessels is crucial in managing conditions such as hypertension or heart disease, where reduced blood flow or high blood pressure can cause complications. Therefore, understanding this fundamental mechanism of vasodilators is vital for those in healthcare settings, such as Kentucky Medication Aides, who may administer these medications or monitor their effects on patients.